Lights Off, Lights On: The Effects of Electricity Shortages on Small Firms
利用企业面板数据，研究发现停电对无雇员的小微企业收入和利润有显著负面影响，但对有雇员的企业产出无显著影响，后者通过增加工时和降低周薪来应对。
Abstract Entrepreneurs in developing countries report that unreliable electricity imposes a serious constraint, yet little evidence exists on how blackouts impact the micro-firms that account for the majority of employment. This article estimates the effects of outages on small firms using original firm-level panel data and finds evidence of differential effects by firm size. Firms without employees experience large reductions in revenues and profits. Outages have no measurable effect on the output of firms with employees, where worker hours increase, weekly wages paid decrease, and the analysis fails to reject the null hypothesis that blackouts have no effect on (average firm-level) worker hourly wages.