How global climate policy could affect competitiveness
研究全球统一碳价对各国产业竞争力的短期冲击，发现巴西、日本、美国和欧盟发达经济体竞争力可能提升，而亚洲新兴工业国和东欧的产业与就业将受较大负面影响。
<p>A global uniform carbon price would be economically efficient and at the same time avoid ‘carbon-leakage’. Still, it will affect the competitiveness of specific industries, economic activity and employment across countries. This paper assesses short-term economic shocks following the introduction of a global carbon price that would be in line with the Paris Agreement. Based on the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), we trace the carbon content of final output through global supply chains. This allows us to estimate how prices of the final output would react to the introduction of a global carbon price. We find that impacts on industrial competitiveness are highly heterogeneous across regions and economic sectors. The competitive position of Brazil, Japan, the USA and advanced economies of the EU is likely to improve, whereas industries and labor markets in newly industrializing Asian economies as well as Eastern Europe are likely to experience substantial adverse impacts.<br /></p>