Cash Transfers, Microentrepreneurial Activity, and Child Work: Evidence from Malawi and Zambia
研究了马拉维和赞比亚的大规模现金转移项目如何影响儿童劳动，发现项目虽增加了儿童在家庭企业中的有害劳动，但也改善了入学率和物质福祉，对儿童的影响好坏参半。
Cash transfer programs are rapidly becoming a key component of the social safety net of many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The primary aim of these programs is to help households improve their food security and smooth consumption during periods of economic duress. However, beneficiary households have also been shown to use these programs to expand their microentrepreneurial activities. Cluster-randomized trials carried out during the rollout of large-scale programs in Malawi and Zambia reveal that children may increase their work in the household enterprise through such programs. Both programs increased forms of work that may be detrimental to children, such as activities that expose children to hazards in Malawi and excessive working hours in Zambia. However, both programs also induced positive changes in other child well-being domains, such as school attendance and material well-being, leading to a mixed and inconclusive picture of the implications of these programs for children.