Education and health: long-run effects of peers, tracking and years
利用瑞典两项平行教育改革，分离了增加教育年限与取消分轨（导致同伴群体社会经济背景更混合）对长期健康的不同影响，发现仅增加年限改善健康，而取消分轨及同伴效应反而有害健康。
SUMMARY We investigate two parallel school reforms in Sweden to assess the long-run health effects of education. One reform only increased years of schooling, while the other increased years of schooling but also removed tracking leading to a more mixed socioeconomic peer group. By differencing the effects of the parallel reforms we separate the effect of de-tracking and peers from that of more schooling. We find that the pure years of schooling reform reduced mortality and improved current health. Differencing the effects of the reforms shows significant differences in the estimated impacts, suggesting that de-tracking and subsequent peer effects resulted in worse health.