Labor Supply in the Past, Present, and Future: A Balanced-Growth Perspective
研究发现美国战后工时无趋势是例外，历史上工时以每年约0.5%的速度下降，并刻画了在平衡增长下允许工时下降的效用函数类别。
The absence of a trend in hours worked in the postwar United States is an exception: across countries and historically, hours fall steadily by a little below 0.5% per year. Are steadily falling hours consistent with a stable utility function over consumption and leisure under balanced growth of the macroeconomic aggregates? Yes. We fully characterize the class of such functions and thus generalize the well-known “balanced-growth preferences” that demand constant (as opposed to falling) long-run hours. Key to falling hours is an income effect (of steady productivity growth on hours) that slightly outweighs the substitution effect.