MODELLING TECHNOLOGICAL BIAS AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH: A CASE STUDY OF CHINA’S THREE URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
采用数据包络分析测度2005-2014年中国三大城市群的全要素生产率，并从投入产出两个角度估计技术进步的偏向性，发现技术进步是生产率增长主因，且偏向低碳发展。
The technological progress in favor of energy conservation and emission reduction will help increase green total factor productivity and thus mitigate China’s environmental problems. This study adopts the data envelopment analysis (DEA) to measure the total factor productivity (TFP) index of the Chinese three urban agglomerations from 2005 to 2014, and the reasons for its changes are also analyzed. Furthermore, the biases of technological progress from two perspectives of inputs and outputs (including the undersirable output, measured by CO2 emissions) are estimated. Main results are: (i) During the sample period, the TFP of the three urban agglomerations continues to increase, and the main driving force is technological change. (ii) From the perspective of inputs, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei prefers to use electricity, whereas the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations tend to use capital and save labor. (iii) From the perspective of outputs, the technological progress of the three major urban agglomerations is significantly biased toward GDP with a slight difference among the three urban agglomerations, which means its technological progress is conducive to reduce CO2 intensity, symbolizing low carbon development. From this point of view, their economic growth shows a low-carbon trend.