The Wage Penalty for Married Women of Career Interruptions: Evidence from the 1970s and the 1990s
利用PSID数据和工作历史模型，估计了已婚女性因职业中断导致的工资惩罚在1970年代到1990年代间的变化，发现惩罚从40.4%上升到73.7%，且相对于已婚男性惩罚比率也增加。
The goal of this paper is to assess how the wage penalty for career interruptions by married women changed between the 1970s and the 1990s. We estimate the wage penalty for career interruptions using the work‐history model and PSID data. We use several approaches to control for various forms of endogeneity and selection bias. Our empirical results suggest that (i) the wage penalty for married women's career interruptions increased from 40.4% to 73.7% over the period, (ii) the ratio of the wage penalty for married women to that of married men also increased, from 1.33 to 2.43, (iii) Blinder–Oaxaca decompositions show that changes in education‐ or occupation‐specific wage penalties account for most of the wage penalty increase.