THE INCIDENCE OF NOMINAL AND REAL WAGE RIGIDITY: AN INDIVIDUAL-BASED SECTORAL APPROACH
利用比利时、丹麦、西班牙和葡萄牙13个部门的个体数据，估计了名义和实际工资向下刚性的发生率，并与劳动力市场结构特征（如工资谈判水平和产品市场竞争程度）进行对比。
This paper presents estimates based on individual data of downward nominal and real wage rigidities for 13 sectors in Belgium, Denmark, Spain, and Portugal. Our methodology follows the approach recently developed for the International Wage Flexibility Project, whereby resistance to nominal and real wage cuts is measured through departures of observed individual wage change histograms from an estimated counterfactual wage change distribution that would have prevailed in the absence of rigidity. Our estimates of wage rigidities are set against structural features of the labour markets studied, including the wage bargaining level and the degree of product market competition.