Embodied Carbon Tariffs
研究了贸易中隐含碳关税的经济与环境影响，发现碳关税虽能减少外国排放，但改善全球气候政策成本效益的能力有限，甚至可能增加全球减排成本，主要效果是将发达国家气候政策的经济负担转嫁给发展中国家。
Abstract In this paper, we investigate the economic and environmental impacts of tariffs on carbon embodied in trade. We find that carbon tariffs do reduce foreign emissions, but their ability to improve global cost‐effectiveness of unilateral climate policy is quite limited – even if tariff rates are based on more sophisticated second‐best considerations. If carbon tariffs are levied on the full carbon content of traded goods, they can even increase rather than decrease the global cost of emission reduction. The main effect of carbon tariffs is to shift the economic burden of developed‐world climate policies to the developing world.