Virtually No Effect? Different Uses of Classroom Computers and their Effect on Student Achievement
研究发现，课堂计算机的不同用途对学生成绩有不同影响：用于查找信息有正面效果，而用于练习技能则有负面效果，两者抵消导致总体无显著影响。
Abstract Most studies find little to no effect of classroom computers on student achievement. We suggest that this null effect may combine positive effects of computer uses without equivalently effective alternative traditional teaching practices and negative effects of uses that substitute more effective teaching practices. Our correlated random effects models exploit within‐student between‐subject variation in different computer uses in the international TIMSS test. We find positive effects of using computers to look up information and negative effects of using computers to practice skills, resulting in overall null effects. Effects are larger for students with high socioeconomic status and mostly confined to developed countries.