Taking the Time to Understand Time at the Bottom/Base of the Pyramid
研究了菲律宾本地组织在实施金字塔底层项目时如何协调竞争性的时间动态，发现它们通过推拉同步机制创造“第三时间”来平衡多方时间节奏。
This article examines the question: How do local organizations deal with competing temporal dynamics when building and implementing base/ bottom of the pyramid (BoP) initiatives? Time has been neglected in the BoP literature to date, yet, addressing poverty in a developing country requires a complex perspective of time. An analysis of 21 semi-structured interviews with locally based organizations implementing BoP initiatives in the Philippines revealed that the organizations had an ambitemporal perspective. In particular, we discover that they harmonize multiple temporal pacers by making strategic decisions about the best mechanism of entrainment to utilize to move their community and any stakeholders to a long-term temporal horizon. We find that organizations manage this process by generating what we term a “third time” via a process of push-and-pull entrainment between the communities, the business, and the different temporal pacers. This article develops a conceptual framework for helping organizations to harmonize competing temporal dynamics to generate a bespoke “third time” for each community they work with.