The Impact of Management Practices on Employee Productivity: A Field Experiment with Airline Captains
通过实地实验测试四种管理实践（绩效监控、反馈、目标设定和亲社会激励）对航空公司机长生产率的影响，发现监控和目标设定显著提升燃料节约绩效，并带来工作满意度和减排的正面溢出效应。
Increasing evidence indicates the importance of management in determining firms' productivity. Yet causal evidence regarding the effectiveness of management practices is scarce, especially for skilled labor in the developed world. In a field experiment measuring commercial airline captains’ productivity, we test four distinct management practices: performance monitoring, performance feedback, target setting, and prosocial incentives. These practices—particularly monitoring and target setting—significantly increase captains' productivity on the targeted fuel-saving dimensions, with positive spillovers on job satisfaction and CO2 emissions. The study reveals an uncharted research opportunity to delve into the black box of firms to examine the determinants of productivity among skilled labor.