Georg Friedrich Knapp Was Not a “Chartalist”
通过细读克纳普的《货币的国家理论》，指出其名目论并未主张支付手段必然由国家创造，支付手段也可在国家之外产生，甚至其他支付共同体也能创造名目支付手段，因此克纳普的货币理论与门格尔的理论并非根本对立。
“Chartalism” is generally conceived as a doctrine that states that money is a creation of the state. The father of chartalism, Georg Friedrich Knapp, even devoted the title of his magnum opus, The State Theory of Money, to highlighting this connection. Our purpose is to show that the chartalist theory, as developed by Knapp in his book, did not really argue that means of payment were necessarily a creation of the state. A close reading of his book reveals that means of payment could emerge outside the state and that even other pay-communities were able to create chartal means of payment. That is the main reason why Knapp’s theory of money was not radically incompatible with Carl Menger’s.