Banerjee, Duflo, Kremer, and the Rise of Modern Development Economics*
回顾2019年诺贝尔经济学奖得主班纳吉、迪弗洛和克雷默的贡献，阐述实验方法如何将发展经济学分解为可研究的部分，并对比宏观总量方法，展示其在教育、服务交付和信贷市场等领域的应用。
Abstract In 2019, Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo, and Michael Kremer received the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. These three scholars were recognized “for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty”. This paper reviews the contributions of these three scholars in the field of development economics, to put this contribution in perspective. I highlight how the experimental approach helped to break down the challenges of understanding economic development into a number of component pieces, and I contrast this to understanding development using macroeconomic aggregates. I discuss pioneering contributions in understanding the challenges of education, service delivery, and credit markets in developing countries, as well as how the experimental approach has spread to virtually all aspects of development economics.