Avoidable environmental disasters and infant health: Evidence from a mining dam collapse in Brazil
研究了巴西马里亚纳尾矿坝坍塌这一环境灾难对婴儿健康的影响，发现孕期暴露显著降低出生体重并增加婴儿死亡率，对低教育程度和非婚生母亲影响更大。
We study the health consequences of one of the largest environmental disasters of the world mining industry, which largely stemmed from regulatory failure. Exploiting the timing and location of the Mariana mine tailings dam collapse in Brazil, we show that in utero exposure to the tragedy significantly reduced birth weight and increased infant mortality. The adverse effects were stronger for infants born to less educated and nonmarried mothers. These findings indicate that poorly enforced environmental regulation may have long-term welfare impacts on local communities.