From ontological orientation to axiomatic habitus? An historical reappraisal of contemporary political economy from a Marxian angle
通过重读马克思早期著作，揭示本体论在其批判研究中的核心作用，并指出异端经济学在批判主流时无意中模仿了其本体论假设，陷入“公理惯习”，而主流经济学部分分支反而更关注社会现实。
Abstract An accurate analysis of Marx’s early works reveals the pivotal role of ontology in defining his critical research project, which culminated with the publication of Capital. By re-assessing Marx’s critical project in such terms, a careful review of the ontological conceptions of contemporary heterodox economics becomes possible, revealing a paradoxical situation. By focussing exclusively on mainstream’s logical inconsistencies, a branch of heterodox economics converged towards the same ontological assumptions as mainstream economics. These economists fall into the ‘axiomatic habitus’ of mimicking, at times unconsciously, the same stances as mainstream economics. By contrast, segments of mainstream economics (new political economy and neo-institutionalist economics) are more aware of the nature of the social reality to be investigated, introducing an axiomatised history within their framework. A careful review of Karl Marx’s ontological rupture then becomes an inescapable reference in order to amend both heterodox and orthodox economics, challenging the increasing insularity of our discipline.