Economic Persistence Despite Adverse Policies: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan
利用吉尔吉斯斯坦的历史和当代数据，研究发现2010年代的家庭经济福祉与20世纪初部落平均财富相关，不平等也跨世纪持续，主要渠道是人力资本、地位、政治权力和文化特质的代际传递。
Abstract We study the long-run persistence of relative economic well-being under adverse government policies using a combination of historical and contemporaneous data from Kyrgyzstan. After controlling for unobservable local effects, the economic well-being of Kyrgyz households in the 2010s correlates with the early twentieth-century average wealth of their tribes. Inequality at the tribe level in the 2010s correlates with wealth inequality in the early twentieth century. The likely channels of persistence are the inter-generational transmission of human capital, relative status, political power and cultural traits. Transmission of material wealth, differences in natural endowments or geographic sorting cannot explain persistence.