Foreigners vs. Natives: Bank Lending Technologies and Loan Pricing
研究外国银行与本土银行在贷款合同条款和定价模型上的差异，发现外国银行更依赖抵押品和短期贷款来克服信息劣势，但存在违约率更高的局限。
Can distance-related information asymmetries in credit markets be overcome with contract design and credit scoring models? To answer this question, we explore differences in foreign and domestic banks' credit contract terms and pricing models. Using a sample of firms that borrow from both domestic and foreign banks in the same month, we show that foreign banks are more likely to demand collateral and grant shorter maturity loans than domestic banks. Foreign banks also base their pricing on internal credit ratings and collateral pledges, while domestic banks price according to the length, depth, and breadth of their relationship with a firm. These findings confirm that foreign banks can overcome informational disadvantages using contract design and credit scoring models. However, we also show that there are limitations, with foreign banks facing higher default rates and lower returns on lending if not using collateral and short maturity as disciplining tools. This paper was accepted by Amit Seru, finance.