The optimal export tax for a primary commodity in a vertical market
扩展了传统最优出口税公式，纳入国内经济无谓损失，并以俄罗斯原木出口税为例，发现忽略营销渠道会导致最优税率被低估，但低估程度在合理参数下不超过19%。
Abstract The conventional formula for the optimal export tax (derived from a partial equilibrium model that ignores importers’ welfare) is extended to include the deadweight loss to the domestic economy associated with the tax. Applying the extended formula to the tax Russia imposes on its exports of logs, results suggest ignoring the marketing channel causes the optimal export tax for a primary commodity to be understated. The degree of understatement increases as the supply of logs and processing/marketing inputs become less price elastic, and as buyer and seller power in the downstream (lumber) industry increases. For plausible values of model parameters, however, the degree of understatement is modest, less than 19%.