Systemic circular business model application at the company, supply chain and society levels—A view into circular economy native and adopter companies
通过纺织行业的多案例比较，分析了循环经济原生企业与采纳企业在公司、供应链和社会三个层面应用循环商业模式的差异，发现采纳企业受制于现有运营结构和经济动机，而原生企业则更系统性地整合了环境与社会可持续性。
Abstract This study contributes to the conceptualization of a sustainable circular business model (CBM), the application of the circular economy (CE) by companies. The study utilized a three‐level framework adapted from the CE literature with company (micro), supply chain (meso) and society (macro) levels. This multiple‐case study in the textile industry included two types of companies operating in the CE: companies founded on the sustainable principles of a CE (natives) and companies transitioning to a CE from the linear economy (adopters). The findings show that the adopters emphasized long‐term economic sustainability on a company level and implemented CE elements to varying degrees on all three levels. The natives pursued business decisions from environmental and social sustainability standpoints, and the three levels were integral in their systemic approach to a CE. The study highlights two key claims: established operational structures and economic volition hindered adopters in their systemic CE implementation, and an integral part of the CBM for natives was a proactive approach towards the society level.