Social Norms, Labour Market Opportunities, and the Marriage Gap Between Skilled and Unskilled Women
研究了发达国家中技能女性结婚率低于非技能女性的现象，发现劳动力市场机会改善对婚姻差距的影响因国家社会态度不同而异，并用跨国和美国州际面板数据验证了理论模型的预测。
Abstract In most of the developed world, skilled women marry at a lower rate than less skilled ones. We document heterogeneity across countries in how the marriage gap between skilled and unskilled women has evolved over time. As labour market opportunities for women have improved, the marriage gap has been growing in some countries but shrinking in others. We discuss the comparative statics of a theoretical model in which the (negative) social attitudes toward working women might contribute to the relatively lower marriage rate of skilled women and might also induce a non-monotonic relationship between their labour market prospects and their marriage outcomes. The model delivers predictions about how the skilled–unskilled marriage gap should react to changes in labour market opportunities across economies with more or less conservative attitudes toward working women. We verify the key predictions of this model in a panel of 26 developed countries, as well as in a panel of U.S. states.