Agricultural Trade Costs
追踪了农业和食品市场中显著贸易成本的近期演变，回顾了衡量成本的方法以及降低成本的可行政策条件，关注运输成本、边境措施和标准类非关税措施，并指出了当前方法的局限性和未来研究方向。
Abstract: This article tracks the recent evolution of salient trade costs in agricultural and food markets. We review ways to measure costs and conditions for policy prescriptions to reduce them when feasible. We pay attention to transportation costs, border measures, and standard-like nontariff measures. By pointing out limitations in current approaches and recent developments, we hope to improve our understanding of their effects. We suggest promising directions for further research and investigation of agricultural trade costs, including on the emerging debate on gene-editing and trade, transportation costs, and mainstreaming recent approaches in disentangling effects of trade costs on supply, demand, trade, prices, and welfare.