The Potency of Quality Incentives: Evidence from the Indonesian Dairy Value Chain
利用调查和行政数据，研究私营部门提供的个体质量激励如何帮助印尼小农户提升牛奶质量，发现激励措施短期内显著提高了牛奶的成分质量和卫生质量，但效果随时间递减。
Misalignment of quality incentives along value chains may limit quality and therefore function as a barrier to smallholder participation in modern value chains. This article uses survey and administrative data to study how individual quality incentives provided by private actors can help smallholders to improve milk quality. By matching farmers on baseline characteristics, I find that individual quality incentives increased the compositional quality of milk quickly after its introduction. Together with physical inputs and training, individual quality incentives also increased the hygienic quality of milk. Decreasing hygienic quality over time by treated farmers suggests that the impact of the intervention decreased over time.