The Making of the Middle-Class in Africa: Evidence from DHS Data
利用37个非洲国家1990-2011年的人口与健康调查数据，分析中产阶级的规模和特征，发现其增长缓慢，且制度质量、族群分化和教育是关键影响因素。
This article examines the size and profile of the middle class in Africa using alternative definitions based on pooled unit record data from the Demographic and Health Survey for 37 African countries covering the period 1990–2011. Results suggest that size of the middle class has grown modestly in many countries in the 2000 decade as compared with the 1990s. The article approached the making of the middle class in Africa from institutional and policy perspectives. Quality of institutions, ethnic fractionalisation and education play a significant role in determining the rise of the middle class.