Poverty and Aspirations Failure
构建理论框架研究贫困心理学中的“志向失败”，即未能追求自身潜力，发现贫困会加剧行为偏差导致志向失败，形成行为贫困陷阱，并探讨仅提升志向能否帮助摆脱陷阱。
We develop a theoretical framework to study the psychology of poverty and ‘aspirations failure’, defined as the failure to aspire to one's own potential. In our framework, rich and the poor persons share the same preferences and same behavioural bias in setting aspirations. We show that poverty can exacerbate the effects of this behavioural bias leading to aspirations failure and hence, a behavioural poverty trap. Aspirations failure is a consequence of poverty, rather than a cause. We specify the conditions under which raising aspirations alone is sufficient to help escape from a poverty trap, even without relaxing material constraints.