Not Necessarily In The Same Boat: Heterogeneous Risk Assessment Among East African Pastoralists
研究了埃塞俄比亚南部和肯尼亚北部干旱半干旱地区牧民在风险评估上的差异，发现尽管表面相似，但群体内部在风险暴露、感知、缓解和应对能力上存在显著异质性，这受经济活动、气候、城镇距离、财富和性别等因素影响，对政策制定有参考价值。
This paper studies variation in risk assessment by pastoralists in the arid and semi arid lands of southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya. Despite superficial homogeneity among east African pastoralists, we show that there exists considerable within-group heterogeneity in their assessment of various risks. We conceptualise risk as comprising of four distinct components: objective exposure, subjective perception, ex ante mitigation capacity, and ex post coping capacity. This conceptualisation provides an effective framework for understanding the observed heterogeneity as the natural consequence of (sometimes modest) structural differences in economic activity patterns, agroclimatic conditions, proximity to towns, wealth, and gender roles. It therefore provides a useful tool for drawing out the policy implications of subjects' expressed concerns about prospective livelihood hazards.