Demand for Education and Labor Market Outcomes
利用法国1997年废除义务兵役制这一自然实验，发现男性因失去逃避兵役的教育激励而相对降低了教育成就和起薪，表明提高教育的即时收益可降低辍学率并改善早期劳动力市场结果。
Abstract Before 1997, education was a way for young French men to avoid military service in the army. After the abolition of compulsory conscription in 1997, this incentive to stay on in education disappeared. We show that the decrease in the benefit of pursuing education for men was followed by a fall in their educational achievement relative to women and by a decrease in their relative entry wages. These results suggest that high school dropout rates could be reduced by policies increasing the immediate benefits of pursuing education and that it would yield a substantial improvement in early labor market outcomes.