The Impacts of Industrial and Entrepreneurial Work on Income and Health: Experimental Evidence from Ethiopia
在埃塞俄比亚五家企业中随机分配工业工作、创业项目或对照组，发现工业工作增加健康问题且一年后无收入影响，创业项目则提高收入33%。
Working with five Ethiopian firms, we randomized applicants to an industrial job offer, an “entrepreneurship” program of $300 plus business training, or control status. Industrial jobs offered more and steadier hours but low wages and risky conditions. The job offer doubled exposure to industrial work but, since most quit within months, had no impact on employment or income after a year. Applicants largely took industrial work to cope with adverse shocks. This exposure, meanwhile, significantly increased health problems. The entrepreneurship program raised earnings 33 percent and provided steadier hours. When barriers to self-employment were relieved, applicants preferred entrepreneurial to industrial labor.