A COST-BASED MODEL OF SEASONAL PRODUCTION, WITH APPLICATION TO MILK POLICY
构建了一个内生季节性模型，分析欧盟三种政策（私人储存补贴、生产移除和生产配额）对牛奶生产季节性的影响，发现储存补贴可能加剧生产季节性。
Milk production is seasonal in many European countries. While quantity seasonality poses capacity management problems for dairy processors, a European Union policy goal is to reduce price seasonality. After developing a model of endogenous seasonality, we study the effects of three E.U. policies on production decisions. These are private storage subsidies, production removals, and production quotas. When cost functions are seasonal in a specified way, then arbitrage opportunities interact with storage subsidies to reduce both price and consumption seasonality. But production seasonality likely increases because storage subsidies promote temporal market integration. Conditions are identified under which product market interventions increase quantity seasonality.