Sales, Quantity Surcharge, and Consumer Inattention
研究发现零售商对同一产品大小两种包装进行促销时，小包装单价更低，但大包装销量仅轻微下降，符合被动购物者和理性疏忽理论，对消费者决策、需求估计和企业定价有启示。
Quantity surcharges occur when retailers carry a product in two sizes and offer a promotion on the small size: the large size then costs more per unit than the small one. When quantity surcharges occur, sales of the large size decline only slightly even though the same quantity can be purchased for less. We document this behavior in two data sets and four product categories. It is consistent with the notion of passive shoppers found in the industrial organization literature and the notion of rational inattention in macroeconomics. We discuss implications for consumer decision making, demand estimation, and firm pricing.