A New Predictor of U.S. Real Economic Activity: The S&P 500 Option Implied Risk Aversion
从标普500期权价格中提取的代表性投资者隐含相对风险厌恶（IRRA）能预测美国实际经济活动，控制已知预测因子后样本内外均有效，且通过多国数据验证。
We propose a new predictor of U.S. real economic activity (REA)—namely, the representative investor’s implied relative risk aversion (IRRA) extracted from S&P 500 option prices. IRRA is forward-looking and hence is expected to be related to future economic conditions. We document that U.S. IRRA predicts U.S. REA both in- and out-of-sample once we control for well-known REA predictors and take into account their persistence. An increase (decrease) in IRRA predicts a decrease (increase) in REA. We extend the empirical analysis by extracting IRRA from the South Korean, UK, Japanese, and German index option markets. We find that South Korea IRRA predicts the South Korea REA both in- and out-of-sample, as expected given the high liquidity of its index option market. We show that a parsimonious yet flexible production economy model calibrated to the U.S. economy can explain the documented negative relation between risk aversion and future economic growth. This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance.