The Union Membership Wage Premium for Employees Covered by Collective Bargaining Agreements
利用1983-93年美国当前人口调查数据，分析在工会合同覆盖的全职私营部门员工中，工会会员身份是否带来工资溢价，发现OLS估计溢价为12%-14%，且内生性处理使估计值更大。
Using Current Population Survey data for 1983-93, this article analyzes whether there is a union membership wage premium among full-time, private sector employees covered by union contracts. Ordinary least squares estimates of the membership wage premium are 12%-14%, and allowing membership to be endogenous yields larger estimates. Differences in job tenure, unobservable characteristics, and measurement error cannot fully explain the estimated premium. Significant differences in this premium, as well as in membership rates conditional upon coverage, across various demographic subgroups are also documented. In general, "free riders" do not appear to be free riding. Copyright 2000 by University of Chicago Press.