The Gender Promotion Gap: Evidence from Central Banking
利用欧洲央行2003-2017年人事数据，发现入职几年后出现性别工资差距，2010年前存在晋升差距，但央行公开承诺多样性后差距消失；晋升申请中存在性别偏差，部分源于竞争偏好，且女性晋升后工资增长表现更好。
Abstract We examine gender differences in career progression and promotions using personnel data from the European Central Bank (ECB) during the period 2003–2017. A gender wage gap emerges within a few years of hiring, despite broadly similar entry conditions. We also find a gender promotion gap before 2010 when the ECB issued a public commitment to diversity. Following this change, the promotion gap disappears. Using data on promotion applications, we find a gender application bias, partly driven by preferences for competition. Following promotion, women perform better in terms of salary progression.