Identifying price-leadership structures in oligopoly
展示了寡头市场中企业可能同时扮演价格领导者和追随者的双重角色，并提出一种实证方法识别n家企业寡头市场的价格领导结构，以英国超市为例发现三层领导-追随结构。
Abstract Oligopoly can give rise to complex patterns of price interaction and adjustment. While oligopolistic firms may divide into price leaders and price followers, it is conceivable that some may take on dual roles, being a leader to one group but a follower to a different group in a hierarchical structure. The contribution of this article is to show how such dual relationships are possible in theory along with providing an empirical method to help identify price-leadership structures in n-firm oligopoly. As an illustration, we apply the method to British supermarkets and find a three-tier leader–follower structure.