No Pass No Drive: Education and Allocation of Time
研究发现美国“无通过无驾照”法律显著提高了男性和黑人青少年的高中毕业率，他们通过减少休闲和工作时间增加了学习投入。
Around one-third of students in the United States, mostly boys and blacks, fail to graduate from high school each year. Since the late 1980s, several states have introduced minimum academic requirements for teenagers to obtain driver’s licenses. Using data from the American Community Survey, we find that these so-called No Pass No Drive laws have a positive and significant effect on high school completion and educational attainment among males and blacks, but not among females. Data from Monitoring the Future suggest that students who remained in school increased time allocated to schoolwork at the expense of leisure and work hours.