Liquidity: Considerations of a Portfolio Manager
研究流动性如何影响投资组合经理的行为，定义了完美流动性的条件，并分析了价格、时间和数量三个维度对经理的约束，为理解多种资产的流动性提供了新视角。
This paper examines liquidity and how it affects the behavior of portfolio managers, who account for a significant portion of trading in many assets. We define an asset to be perfectly liquid if a portfolio manager can trade the quantity she desires when she desires at a price not worse than the uninformed expected value. A portfolio manager is limited by both what she needs to attain and the ease with which she can attain it, making her sensitive to three dimensions of liquidity: price, timing, and quantity. Deviations from perfect liquidity in any of these dimensions impose shadow costs on the portfolio manager. By focusing on the trade‐off between sacrificing on price and quantity instead of the canonical price‐time trade‐off, the model yields several novel empirical implications. Understanding a portfolio manager's liquidity considerations provides important insights into the liquidity of many assets and asset classes.