The Low‐Pay No‐Pay Cycle: Are There Systematic Differences across Demographic Groups?
利用家庭面板数据研究失业、低薪就业与高薪就业之间的转换，发现低薪无薪循环的存在，且不同人口群体（如年龄、教育程度、性别）受失业和低薪就业的影响存在显著差异。
Abstract We investigate transitions between unemployment, low‐paid employment and higher‐paid employment using dynamic panel data methods applied to household panel data. We find state dependence in both unemployment and low‐paid employment and evidence of a low‐pay no‐pay cycle. However, we also find significant differences in effects across population subgroups. Typically, the young and better‐educated face lower penalties from unemployment and low‐paid employment. Further, low‐paid employment is preferable to unemployment for women regardless of their demographic characteristics, but for men who have only completed secondary schooling, low‐paid employment actually decreases the chances of entering higher‐paid employment by more than does unemployment.