How Important Is Human Capital for Development? Evidence from Immigrant Earnings
利用同一劳动力市场中不同国家移民的收入数据，估计人力资本禀赋，发现人力资本和物质资本只能解释跨国收入差异的一小部分。
This paper offers new evidence on the sources of cross-country income differences. It exploits the idea that observing immigrant workers from different countries in the same labor market provides an opportunity to estimate their human-capital endowments. These estimates suggest that human and physical capital account for only a fraction of cross-country income differences. For countries below 40 percent of U.S. output per worker, less than half of the output gap relative to the United States is attributed to human and physical capital.