The Extensive Margin of Aggregate Consumption Demand
研究发现美国非耐用品消费支出变化约一半源于家庭消费篮子的产品增减（广延边际），收入增加时家庭会采用已有产品，这使财政转移对消费的效应放大30%以上，且基于代表性家庭的通胀指标在衰退期每年低估实际通胀达1%。
Abstract About half of the change in U.S. non-durable consumption expenditure is due to changes in the products entering households’ consumption basket (the extensive margin). Changes in the basket are driven by fluctuations in the rate at which households add products; removals fluctuate little. These patterns reflect that, in response to income increases, households adopt consumer products already available in the market. Household adoption amplifies the effects of fiscal transfers on consumption by more than 30%. Cyclical household adoption of products also implies that inflation measures based on a representative household consuming all varieties available in the market underestimate true household-level inflation by as much as 1% per year over the Great Recession in the consumption categories covered by our data.