Knowledge Diffusion, Trade, and Innovation across Countries and Sectors
构建了一个统一框架，量化贸易、创新与知识扩散在国家和部门间的相互作用，并基于内生增长模型分析贸易自由化的影响，发现知识扩散会放大贸易导致的研发重新配置和比较优势变化，成为福利的重要来源。
This paper provides a unified framework for quantifying the cross-country and cross-sector interactions among trade, innovation, and knowledge diffusion. This framework is used to study the effect of trade liberalization in an endogenous growth model in which comparative advantage and the stock of knowledge are determined by innovation and diffusion. The model is calibrated to match observed cross-country and cross-sector heterogeneity in production, innovation efficiency, and knowledge spillovers. The counterfactual analysis shows that a reduction in trade costs induces a reallocation of R&D and comparative advantage across sectors. Heterogeneous knowledge diffusion amplifies the specialization effects of trade-induced R&D reallocation, becoming an important source of welfare.