The Gender Pay Gap: Micro Sources and Macro Consequences
利用巴西雇主-雇员关联数据，发现性别工资差距主要源于女性在低薪雇主工作；通过均衡搜索模型估计，补偿性差异解释了差距的一半，且平等待遇政策虽缩小差距但未提升产出或福利。
Using linked employer-employee data from Brazil, we document a significant gender pay gap, which is largely attributed to women working at lower-paying employers. To interpret this fact, we develop an equilibrium search model with endogenous firm pay, amenities, and hiring. We provide a constructive proof of identification of all model parameters. The estimated model suggests that amenities are important for both men and women, and that compensating differentials account for half of the gender pay gap. Equal treatment policies partly close gender gaps but are not output- or welfare-improving.