Too Cool for School? Signalling and Countersignalling
研究高质量发送者为何放弃标准信号而选择反向信号，通过引入额外噪声信息构建均衡模型，并用实验验证人们能学会反向信号行为。
In signalling environments ranging from consumption to education, high-quality senders often shun the standard signals that should separate them from lower-quality senders. We find that allowing for additional, noisy information on sender quality permits equilibria where medium types signal to separate themselves from low types, but high types then choose to not signal, or countersignal. High types not only save costs by relying on the additional information to stochastically separate them from low types, but countersignalling itself is a signal of confidence that separates high types from medium types. Experimental results confirm that subjects can learn to countersignal.