Religion and the Shadow Economy
研究了宗教的不同维度（如整体虔诚度、不同宗教的影响、宗教竞争及政教关系）对影子经济规模的影响，发现整体虔诚度会扩大影子经济，而政教关系紧密则与较小的影子经济相关。
Summary Religion is increasingly acknowledged to be a cultural dimension which affects economic outcomes in different regards. This contribution focuses on the possible impact of religion's different dimensions, the overall degree of religiosity, the specific impact of different religions, religious competition and the proximity between religion and the state, on the shadow economy. The empirical test matches the largest available cross‐section on the size of the shadow economy with numerous religious indicators. General religiosity seems to increase the shadow economy. Moreover, robust differences emerge across religions. Furthermore, a closer proximity between state and religion is typical for smaller shadow economies.