Increasing Returns and All That: A View from Trade
利用产出、贸易和要素禀赋数据，发现三分之一制造业存在规模递增，规模经济是可量化的比较优势来源，有助于预测贸易流动。
Do scale economies help to explain international trade flows? Using a large database on output, trade flows, and factor endowments, we find that allowing for the presence of increasing returns to scale in production significantly increases our ability to predict international trade flows. In particular, using trade data, we find that a third of all goods-producing industries are characterized by increasing returns to scale. Thus, scale economies are a quantifiable and important source of comparative advantage.