Egalitarianism, Cultural Distance, and FDI: A New Approach
研究平等主义文化距离与外商直接投资（FDI）的关系，发现两者负相关且统计显著，结果在多种模型设定下稳健。
Summary statistics and a correlation matrix are presented in Tables 1 and 2. There is little likelihood that collinearity is a problem for our primary variable of interest, egalitarianism distance. There is more collinearity between some of the other control variables (e.g., common language and common colonizer), and also among some of the other cultural distance measures. In any event, we confirm that the results for egalitarianism distance are substantively similar with or without the inclusion of all of these control variables. 7 We present the first set of egalitarianism results in Table 3. As seen in Models 1 – 5, egalitarianism distance (or, alternatively, predicted ega litarianism distance, i.e., based on our instrumental variables) is negatively associated with FDI flows. The variable is highly significant statistically across a wide range of specifications (always with p < .05 and usually with p < .01). Model 1 shows that the results for egalitarianism distance are robust to the inclusion of other cultural dimensions. Model 1 includes all of the Schwartz dimensions to demonstrate the robustness of the egalitarianism result. We actually do not recommend doing this because the Schwartz dimensions of egalitarianism and hierarchy, harmony and mastery, and embeddedness and autonomy, are so tightly related within each pair and collinear. A better approach is to follow the approach in subsequent models 2-5, where countries’ cultural profiles are represented by taking one orientation from each dimension (e.g., egalitarianism, harmony, and embeddedness).