Evaluating Allocations of Freedom
基于偏好灵活性和多样性测度的文献，提出一种在互动环境中评估自由的形式化方法，认为自由的价值包含基于偏好的工具性成分和内在成分，并探讨自由与效率的潜在冲突。
This article develops a formal approach to evaluating freedom in interactive settings based on the literatures on preference for flexibility and measurement of diversity. The approach posits that the value of freedom has an instrumental component – grounded in preferences – and an intrinsic component. The philosophical justification of the approach is considered and potential conflicts between freedom and efficiency are explored. On a technical level, the article extends the notion of a diversity measure to menus of lotteries, which is what is needed to evaluate freedom when many agents seek flexibility simultaneously.