Tying, Foreclosure, and Exclusion
重新审视捆绑销售的市场力量杠杆假说，论证捆绑销售确实能作为杠杆机制，并详细讨论其盈利性与福利影响，对反垄断政策分析有参考价值。
In recent years, the "leverage theory" of tied good sales has faced heavy and influential criticism. In an important sense, though, the models used by its critics are actually incapable of addressing the leverage theory's central concerns. Here the author reconsiders the leverage hypothesis and argues that tying can indeed serve as a mechanism for leveraging market power. The mechanism through which this leverage occurs, its profitability, and its welfare implications are discussed in detail. Copyright 1990 by American Economic Association.