Under Pressure? The Effect of Peers on Outcomes of Young Adults
利用挪威全国数据和学校内年级构成的随机变化，研究九年级同伴构成对智商、青少年生育、教育和劳动力市场结果的长期影响，发现女生比例影响结果且存在性别差异，同伴父亲收入对男孩重要。
Teenage peers are perceived as being important, but there is little conclusive evidence demonstrating this. This paper uses data on the population of Norway and idiosyncratic variation in cohort composition within schools to examine the role of peer composition in ninth grade on longer-run outcomes such as IQ scores, teenage childbearing, education, and labor market outcomes. We find that outcomes are influenced by the proportion of females in the grade, and these effects differ by gender. Average age and average mother's education of peers have little impact on teenagers but average father's earnings of peers matters for boys.