The Effect of Automobile Insurance and Accident Liability Laws on Traffic Fatalities
研究了汽车保险、强制保险法和无过错责任法对驾驶员行为和交通死亡率的影响，发现保险增加和无过错责任法导致死亡率上升约6%。
This paper investigates the incentive effects of automobile insurance, compulsory insurance laws, and no‐fault liability laws on driver behavior and traffic fatalities. We analyze a panel of 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia for 1970–98, a period in which many states adopted compulsory insurance regulations and/or no‐fault laws. Using an instrumental variables approach, we find evidence that automobile insurance has moral hazard costs, leading to an increase in traffic fatalities. We also find that reductions in accident liability produced by no‐fault liability laws have led to an increase in traffic fatalities (estimated to be on the order of 6 percent). Overall, our results indicate that, whatever other benefits they might produce, increases in the incidence of automobile insurance and moves to no‐fault liability systems have significant negative effects on traffic fatalities.