Worker Absence and Productivity: Evidence from Teaching
利用教师缺勤的详细数据，研究发现工人缺勤对生产率有显著负面影响，临时替代工人的日生产率损失相当于用第10-20百分位的工人替换平均水平的工人。
A significant amount of work time is lost each year due to worker absence, but evidence on the productivity losses from absenteeism remains scant due to difficulties with identification. We use uniquely detailed data on the timing, duration, and cause of absences among teachers to address many of the potential biases from the endogeneity of worker absence. Our analysis indicates that worker absences have large negative impacts: the expected loss in daily productivity from employing a temporary substitute is on par with replacing a regular worker of average productivity with one at the 10th-20th percentile of productivity.